Effect of COVID-19 greatest on people living with dementia

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0901 AEDT | 1101 NZDT

Nature Reviews Neurology

Evidence suggests that people with dementia are more likely to contract COVID-19 than people without dementia. It also shows that older adults with dementia are more likely to have severe disease outcomes from the virus, including increased risk of Read more about Effect of COVID-19 greatest on people living with dementia

The world’s fastest optical neuromorphic processor

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0800 AEDT | 1000 NZDT

Nature

An international research team led by Swinburne University of Technology has demonstrated the world’s fastest and most powerful optical neuromorphic processor for artificial intelligence (AI), which operates at faster than 10 trillion operations Read more about The world’s fastest optical neuromorphic processor

Not just a guys’ club: resistance training benefits older women just as much as older men

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0700 AEDT | 0900 NZDT

Sports Medicine

Sure, everything might come down to sex – but not when strength training is concerned. Men and women aged over 50 can reap similar relative benefits from resistance training, a new study led by UNSW Sydney shows. Men and women aged over 50 can Read more about Not just a guys’ club: resistance training benefits older women just as much as older men

How to talk about death, dying

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS ONE

Our reluctance to think, talk or communicate about death is even more pronounced when we deal with others’ loss compared to our own, new research finds, but either way we tend to frame attitudes and emotions in a sad and negative way. Teaching new Read more about How to talk about death, dying

Genomes reveal new insights into iconic Aussie animals

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Nature

Australian scientists have published the full genetic code of the egg-laying monotreme mammals, platypus and echidna. Monotremes display a unique mix of mammalian and reptilian features and form the most distantly related, and least understood, Read more about Genomes reveal new insights into iconic Aussie animals

Where have all the platypuses gone? Five Brisbane waterways are no longer home to the Aussie icon

Publicly released: Thu 7 Jan 2021 at 0001 AEDT | 0201 NZDT

Australian Mammalogy

Five waterways near Brisbane that were once home to platypuses may no longer have platypuses living there, say Australian researchers, who looked for platypus DNA in 54 waterways around Brisbane. Areas of concern they found were the mid to upper Read more about Where have all the platypuses gone? Five Brisbane waterways are no longer home to the Aussie icon

A tale of two cities: Renters in Melbourne and Sydney flock to CBDs while home owners hit the 'burbs

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Proceedings of the Royal Society A

Renters in Melbourne and Sydney tend to cluster nearer commercial centres, whereas mortgagors tend to populate the outer suburbs, Australian researchers have found. The study found that both cities are developing towards having multiple cities Read more about A tale of two cities: Renters in Melbourne and Sydney flock to CBDs while home owners hit the 'burbs

Facebook data could map COVID transmission risk in Aussie outbreaks

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Facebook's mobility data could be used to estimate the spread of COVID-19 transmission risk from locations where active cases have been identified, say Australian researchers. The team used the data, which tells them the number of people moving Read more about Facebook data could map COVID transmission risk in Aussie outbreaks

Cats vs Quolls: Feral cats are a triple threat compared to native predators

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Proceedings of the Royal Society B

Compared to native predators like quolls, feral cats pose a triple threat to native wildlife thanks to their sheer numbers, foraging intensity and their ability to live in a range of environments, according to Australian research. The study found Read more about Cats vs Quolls: Feral cats are a triple threat compared to native predators

Looking at nature can lower your brain's load

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Royal Society Open Science

Compared to looking at urban landscapes, looking at nature scenes, even for a short time, can lower your brain's cognitive load and even help you walk quicker, according to UK research. The study placed people in front of either city or nature Read more about Looking at nature can lower your brain's load

Evidence review confirms COVID-19 is generally ‘mild’ in young children

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 0922 AEDT | 1122 NZDT

Vaccine

Babies and asymptomatic cases account for up to half of COVID-19 infections in the under-five age group, which has implications for vaccination programs, a new UNSW study has found. A systematic review and meta-analysis of international COVID-19 Read more about Evidence review confirms COVID-19 is generally ‘mild’ in young children

New clues to prostate cancer

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Cell Reports

Australian research has identified a new mechanism in which prostate cancer cells can ‘switch’ character and become resistant to therapy. These findings, just published in Cell Reports, are an important development in unravelling how an Read more about New clues to prostate cancer

Almost 50 million Americans may have had COVID - but herd immunity is still a long way off

Publicly released: Wed 6 Jan 2021 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

JAMA Network Open

As of November 2020, an estimated 46. 9 million Americans, or more than 14 per cent of the US population, are likely to have had SARS-CoV-2 infections, with only around 28. 1 million of those being symptomatic, according to US research. The study Read more about Almost 50 million Americans may have had COVID - but herd immunity is still a long way off

Australia’s flagship STEM youth experience reinvented for 2021

Publicly released: Tue 5 Jan 2021 at 1630 AEDT | 1830 NZDT

A new-look National Youth Science Forum (NYSF) Year 12 Program kicks off today with a stellar line-up of speakers and an expanded program unlike ever before. The 2021 NYSF Year 12 Program features two Nobel Prize winners, over 20 top experts in Read more about Australia’s flagship STEM youth experience reinvented for 2021

Single dose of the vaccine may be better than nothing at all

Publicly released: Tue 5 Jan 2021 at 1046 AEDT | 1246 NZDT

Annals of Internal Medicine

International researchers suggest, in three different papers, that the speed-versus-efficacy trade-off of administering a single dose of the COVID-19 vaccine may overrule the need for a double dose in the short-term. While the double-dose is more Read more about Single dose of the vaccine may be better than nothing at all

An insight into asthma attacks points the way to potential treatments

Publicly released: Tue 5 Jan 2021 at 1030 AEDT | 1230 NZDT

PNAS

Australian researchers have studied the lung immune response during an asthma attack in a mouse model of the disease and found that a protein involved in inflammation called Interleukin-13 (IL-13) may play a key role in asthma attacks. The authors Read more about An insight into asthma attacks points the way to potential treatments

Cities could warm by more than 4°C by the end of the century

Publicly released: Tue 5 Jan 2021 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Nature Climate Change

Cities across the globe could warm more than 4°C under a high-emissions climate change scenario, and experience a relative humidity decrease by 2100, according to international research. Cities tend to warm more than other areas because built Read more about Cities could warm by more than 4°C by the end of the century

Fish sex organs boosted under high-CO2

Publicly released: Wed 30 Dec 2020 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS Biology

Research from the University of Adelaide has found that some species of fish will have higher reproductive capacity because of larger sex organs, under the more acidic oceans of the future. Published in PLOS Biology, the researchers say that far Read more about Fish sex organs boosted under high-CO2

Weedy Seadragon genomics reveal highly distinct populations

Publicly released: Thu 24 Dec 2020 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS ONE

To describe weedy seadragons as unique is an understatement. With a fused, elongated jaw, body armour, leafy appendages and no pelvic fins, these fish are like no other. Found only along Australia’s temperate coast, numbers have been declining. Read more about Weedy Seadragon genomics reveal highly distinct populations

Focus on seasonal, not yearly, changes when considering impacts of climate change

Publicly released: Thu 24 Dec 2020 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS ONE

Results from a 40-year study of a Montana prairie say may be better to look at local and seasonal changes -- compared to yearly climate changes -- when forecasting how climate change affects ecosystems. Over the four decades, temperature increased Read more about Focus on seasonal, not yearly, changes when considering impacts of climate change

Youth workers: care for yourself in order to help others

Publicly released: Thu 24 Dec 2020 at 0500 AEDT | 0700 NZDT

Drug and Alcohol Review

Youth workers need to be kind to themselves in order to be better at their jobs, say Aussie researchers who surveyed 258 Aussie youth alcohol and other drug workers. They found that burnout and secondary traumatic stress was associated with less Read more about Youth workers: care for yourself in order to help others

Wear a mask and step back: Masks could block almost all those COVID droplets

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Royal Society Open Science

Masks can block 99. 9 per cent of COVID-linked droplets, say international researchers who measured droplets spread by coughs and speaking, with and without surgical or handmade cotton face masks. They estimate a person standing 2m from someone Read more about Wear a mask and step back: Masks could block almost all those COVID droplets

Tasmania may help save the rock wallaby

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 1101 AEDT | 1301 NZDT

Royal Society Open Science

Maria Island, off Tasmania's eastern coast, could be a suitable spot to move an insurance population of endangered brush-tailed rock wallabies to help stop them becoming extinct, according to Australian research. The recent Australian mega-fires Read more about Tasmania may help save the rock wallaby

Aged care residents experience a different kind of reality

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 1009 AEDT | 1209 NZDT

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Cutting-edge technology is normally associated with youth, but a group of aged care residents in Adelaide are learning how useful (and how much fun) virtual reality can be. Read more about Aged care residents experience a different kind of reality

How COVID-19 polarised politics: #IStandWithDan versus #DictatorDan

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 0926 AEDT | 1126 NZDT

Media International Australia

A QUT study of two interrelated Twitter hashtag campaigns in relation to the Victorian Premier Dan Andrews’ handling of the COVID-19 second wave found the activity was driven by a “small, hyper-partisan core of highly active participants” and Read more about How COVID-19 polarised politics: #IStandWithDan versus #DictatorDan

New mammogram measures of breast cancer risk could revolutionise screening

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 0826 AEDT | 1026 NZDT

International Journal of Cancer

New techniques for predicting breast cancer risk from mammograms that were developed in Melbourne could revolutionise breast screening by allowing it to be tailored to women at minimal extra cost. World-first techniques for predicting breast cancer Read more about New mammogram measures of breast cancer risk could revolutionise screening

Keeping up appearances: male fairy-wrens show looks can be deceiving

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 0700 AEDT | 0900 NZDT

Behavioural Ecology

By choosing these high-quality males, females may ensure a good father or good genes for their offspring. But do high quality males that are preferred by females invest more in their appearance? Read more about Keeping up appearances: male fairy-wrens show looks can be deceiving

Carbon-neutral jet fuels?

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Nature Communications

Flying produces large amounts of carbon emissions, but a more sustainable fuel option could eventually make flying carbon neutral. Researchers at Oxford and Cambridge created a cheap method that uses iron, manganese and potassium to convert carbon Read more about Carbon-neutral jet fuels?

Investing in a frontline response to elder abuse

Publicly released: Wed 23 Dec 2020 at 0001 AEDT | 0201 NZDT

University of Queensland researchers are working with a team of 50 social workers across south east Queensland to create a uniform, national approach to identifying abuse in elderly people who present to hospitals. Read more about Investing in a frontline response to elder abuse

New definition of sustainability reflects the interdependence of all life

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 1200 AEDT | 1400 NZDT

Global Sustainability

An international collaboration reveals a new definition of sustainability that expands the concept to non-human species and their needs. Published in Global Sustainability, the research led by Dr Christoph Rupprecht, a Griffith University alumnus Read more about New definition of sustainability reflects the interdependence of all life

Substances found in cooked meat linked to kid's wheeze

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 1030 AEDT | 1230 NZDT

Thorax

Inflammatory compounds found in cooked meat have been linked to a heightened risk of childhood wheeze by US researchers. The compounds, known as advanced glycation end products, or AGEs for short, are by-products of high-temperature cooking, such as Read more about Substances found in cooked meat linked to kid's wheeze

Looking to get more active? Fitbits may help a little bit

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 1030 AEDT | 1230 NZDT

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Smartphone fitness apps and wearable activity trackers do help boost physical activity levels, according to an Australian-led review and pooled data analysis of the available evidence. The researchers looked at 35 previous studies, involving a total Read more about Looking to get more active? Fitbits may help a little bit

Perfectly preserved 57,000-year-old wolf pup found in Canada

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 1030 AEDT | 1230 NZDT

Current Biology

While water-blasting at a wall of frozen mud in Canada, a gold miner made an extraordinary discovery: a perfectly preserved wolf pup that had been locked in permafrost for 57,000 years. Named Zhùr by the locals, the pup is the most complete wolf Read more about Perfectly preserved 57,000-year-old wolf pup found in Canada

Junk food linked to sleep problems in teens

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 1000 AEDT | 1200 NZDT

EClinicalMedicine

Eating too much junk food has been linked with poor sleep quality in teens, a University of Queensland-led study has found. UQ School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences researcher Associate Professor Asad Khan said frequent consumption of Read more about Junk food linked to sleep problems in teens

From terror to termination – the dynamics of London’s smallpox epidemics

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS Biology

Smallpox, which for centuries was one of the most devastating infectious diseases, was eradicated in 1980. Analysis of 300 years of weekly smallpox records from London (1664 to 1930) have shown changes in the timing, size and seasonality between Read more about From terror to termination – the dynamics of London’s smallpox epidemics

Future farming may affect 90% of Earth's wildlife by 2050

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Nature Sustainability

Almost 90 per cent of land animals around the world may lose some of their habitat by 2050 as land is cleared to meet the future demand for food, according to an international study based on computer modelling. However, the authors say proactive Read more about Future farming may affect 90% of Earth's wildlife by 2050

Scientists shine light on ‘bright spots’ to restore coastal ecosystems

Publicly released: Tue 22 Dec 2020 at 0300 AEDT | 0500 NZDT

Current Biology

CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency, has identified coastal ‘bright spots’ to repair marine ecosystems globally, paving the way to boost biodiversity, local economies and human wellbeing. Read more about Scientists shine light on ‘bright spots’ to restore coastal ecosystems

Crikey! Massive prehistoric croc emerges from South East Queensland

Publicly released: Mon 21 Dec 2020 at 2000 AEDT | 2200 NZDT

PeerJ

A prehistoric croc measuring more than five metres long – dubbed the ‘swamp king’ – ruled south eastern Queensland waterways only a few million years ago. University of Queensland researchers identified the new species of prehistoric croc Read more about Crikey! Massive prehistoric croc emerges from South East Queensland

Research busts mental health coping myth

Publicly released: Mon 21 Dec 2020 at 1500 AEDT | 1700 NZDT

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

People with extreme psychological distress have exceeded the limits of their own resources, and need support from others to cope, according to new research led by USC Australia. Read more about Research busts mental health coping myth

Climate change demands same leadership as COVID-19, and Australia is failing

Publicly released: Mon 21 Dec 2020 at 1030 AEDT | 1230 NZDT

Medical Journal of Australia

Leading Australian medical clinicians and researchers have called on the Federal Government and the health sector to commit to showing the same leadership on climate change as was shown during the COVID-19 public health crisis. The authors say our Read more about Climate change demands same leadership as COVID-19, and Australia is failing

Goldilocks and the three quantum dots: This one’s just right for peak solar panel performance

Publicly released: Mon 21 Dec 2020 at 0930 AEDT | 1130 NZDT

Nanoscale

Maximising the efficiency of renewable energy technology is dependent on creating nanoparticles with ideal dimensions and density, new simulations have shown. Scientists in Australia have developed a process for calculating the perfect size and Read more about Goldilocks and the three quantum dots: This one’s just right for peak solar panel performance

Tube fishway technology will get fish up and over those dam walls

Publicly released: Mon 21 Dec 2020 at 0800 AEDT | 1000 NZDT

New technology that allows fish to glide past dam walls, weirs and other river barriers has the potential to revitalise Australia’s ailing freshwater fish stocks. Read more about Tube fishway technology will get fish up and over those dam walls

Seeking answers in ferroelectric patterning

Publicly released: Sat 19 Dec 2020 at 1122 AEDT | 1322 NZDT

Why do some ferroelectric materials display ‘bubble’-shaped patterning, while others display complex, labyrinthine patterns? A FLEET/UNSW study finds the changing patterns in ferroelectric films are driven by non-equilibrium dynamics, with Read more about Seeking answers in ferroelectric patterning

Does low self-esteem in teens predict depression?

Publicly released: Sat 19 Dec 2020 at 0600 AEDT | 0800 NZDT

PLOS ONE

Australian researchers looked at the link between low self-esteem and self-criticism in 243 Aussie teens and the development of depression. They found no effect of self-criticism, but having low self-esteem meant teens were more likely to suffer Read more about Does low self-esteem in teens predict depression?

How modelling helped our COVID response

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1220 AEDT | 1420 NZDT

Multiple models helped achieve the successful pandemic management strategies implemented in Australia at both state and national level, yesterday’s first Cosmos Briefing was told. Professor Jodie McVernon, form Doherty Epidemiology, and Read more about How modelling helped our COVID response

Cocktail of antibodies can cut COVID-19 viral load

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1200 AEDT | 1400 NZDT

NEJM

A study carried out and funded by pharmaceutical company Regeneron tested the firm's cocktail of antibodies known as REGN-COV2 on 275 COVID-19 patients with mild disease, and found administering the cocktail reduced the amount of virus circulating Read more about Cocktail of antibodies can cut COVID-19 viral load

Trial data confirms two doses of Oxford/ AstraZeneca COVID vaccine are better than one

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1144 AEDT | 1344 NZDT

Nature Medicine

Having two doses of the Oxford/ AstraZeneca COVID vaccine known as, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, produces a better immune response than a single dose, according to two new research papers. The studies looked at a full dose followed by either a full dose or half Read more about Trial data confirms two doses of Oxford/ AstraZeneca COVID vaccine are better than one

COVID-19 is now the USA's biggest killer

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1130 AEDT | 1330 NZDT

JAMA

The uncontrolled spread of COVID-19 in the USA means it is currently the leading cause of death in the country, overtaking heart disease and cancer, according to a 'Viewpoint' article by US scientists. Between November 1st 2020, and December 13th, Read more about COVID-19 is now the USA's biggest killer

Released captive quolls able to hunt in the wild, even munching on a penguin

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1111 AEDT | 1311 NZDT

PLOS ONE

Captive bread eastern quolls that were released into Booderee National Park can hunt small mammals, invertebrates, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, but also make use of supplementary feed stations, say Australian researchers. The study analysed Read more about Released captive quolls able to hunt in the wild, even munching on a penguin

Dad’s health can affect pregnancy too

Publicly released: Fri 18 Dec 2020 at 1105 AEDT | 1305 NZDT

Human Reproduction

Poor health in men is linked to higher risk of pregnancy loss in their partners. A review of nearly one million US medical insurance records found that if the father-to-be has three or more medical conditions such as obesity, diabetes, high blood Read more about Dad’s health can affect pregnancy too