Whooping cough vaccination during pregnancy helps protect the youngest, most vulnerable babies

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A US study has found that the introduction of a whooping cough vaccine for pregnant women during the third trimester was linked to a lower rate of the disease in very young babies. The study looked at the rates of whooping cough in babies less than one year old and found that after the vaccine was introduced for pregnant women in 2011, the rates of whooping cough in babies under two months old fell. The authors say this suggests the vaccine is linked to a reduction in disease burden among the youngest and most vulnerable babies.

Media release

From: JAMA

Infant Pertussis Incidence Trends Before, After Implementation of Maternal Tdap Vaccine

JAMA Pediatrics
Original Investigation

US Infant Pertussis Incidence Trends Before and After Implementation of the Maternal Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis Vaccine

About The Study: In this study of 57,460 pertussis (also known as whooping cough) cases in the United States, following maternal tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine introduction, a sustained decrease in pertussis incidence was observed among infants younger than 2 months, narrowing the incidence gap with infants ages 6 months to less than 12 months. These findings suggest that maternal Tdap vaccination is associated with a reduction in pertussis burden in the target age group (younger than 2 months) and that further increases in coverage may be associated with additional reductions in infant disease.

Authors: Tami H. Skoff, M.S., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.5689)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Expert Reaction

These comments have been collated by the Science Media Centre to provide a variety of expert perspectives on this issue. Feel free to use these quotes in your stories. Views expressed are the personal opinions of the experts named. They do not represent the views of the SMC or any other organisation unless specifically stated.

Associate Professor Alex Polyakov is a Clinical Associate Professor in the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences at the University of Melbourne and is a Medical Director at Genea Fertility Melbourne

As an obstetrician, I am encouraged by the study's results, which found a sustained decrease in pertussis incidence in infants younger than 2 months after the introduction of the maternal Tdap vaccine. The fact that the incidence gap between infants under 2 months and those between 6 months and under 12 months was narrowed is particularly noteworthy. This suggests that the vaccine is having a significant impact in reducing the burden of whooping cough in the youngest and most vulnerable populations, which is a crucial public health goal.

Considering the implications of these findings for prenatal care and maternal immunization practices is important. The study's results highlight the benefits of maternal Tdap vaccination and underscore the importance of increasing vaccine coverage among pregnant women. Given that whooping cough can cause severe and even life-threatening complications in young babies, it is essential that obstetricians educate their patients about the benefits of maternal immunization and encourage them to get the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy.

In addition, further research is needed to understand the vaccine's long-term effects better and determine the optimal timing and frequency of maternal immunization to maximize its protective effects. This study is a valuable contribution to the literature on maternal immunization and provides a solid foundation for future research in this area.

I believe that maternal Tdap vaccination is an essential component of prenatal care. Continued efforts to increase vaccine uptake among pregnant women are necessary to protect young babies from the devastating effects of whooping cough.

Last updated:  18 Aug 2023 4:40pm
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