International
Updated formulas for the Pfizer, Moderna and Novavax COVID-19 vaccines appear to have similar effectiveness against the variants circulating in late 2024-early 2025, according to US research. The team collected adult data on reported COVID-19 cases, emergency department visits, hospitalisation and deaths from August 2024 to April 2025, and compared them to the uptake of vaccines targeting the KP.2 strain of the JN.1 variant, with JN.1 variants most commonly circulating during that period. Four weeks after vaccination, the researchers estimated these vaccines were overall 44.7% effective against symptomatic infection, 45.1% effective against ED visit and 57.3% effective against hospitalisation or death, dropping to 16.7%, 39.1% and 34% respectively at 20 weeks. They say this is mostly similar to vaccine effectiveness in 2023-2024, with some evidence of a slight decrease in effectiveness against hospitalisation and death.
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