Social media use linked with depressive symptoms in pre-teens

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Photo by Johnny Cohen on Unsplash
Photo by Johnny Cohen on Unsplash

Social media use during early adolescence could be associated with greater depressive symptoms a year later, according to international researchers. The team looked at the self-reported time spent on social media for almost 12,000 young people over three years. They found that a person’s social media use in years one and two (around age nine or 10) was associated with higher depression symptoms in years two and three. While the study can’t show cause and effect, and there may be other factors at play, the findings suggest that more time spent on social media during the pre-teen years may contribute to increased depressive symptoms over time.

Expert Reaction

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Prof Chris Ferguson, Professor of Psychology, Stetson University, comments:

Contrary to the claims of the authors, this study, in fact, finds little evidence that earlier social media time is associated with later mental health.  The effect sizes reported are, in fact, so small, as to likely be due to statistical noise, not real effects.  This is a common flaw of many correlational studies, particularly those with large samples such as this one.  On balance, this study provides better evidence that social media has no predictive relationship with later mental health than it does anything parents should worry about.  Further, pediatricians should not waste valuable time querying patients about social media, based on the extraordinarily weak statistical results from this study.

Last updated:  22 May 2025 8:16am
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JAMA Network Open
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Organisation/s: University of California, USA
Funder: This research was funded by grants K08HL159350 (Dr Nagata) and R01MH135492 (Drs Nagata and Baker) from the NIH and grant 2022056 from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (Dr Nagata). The ABCD Study was supported by award numbers U01DA041022, U01DA041025, U01DA041028, U01DA041048, U01DA041089, U01DA041093, U01DA041106, U01DA041117, U01DA041120, U01DA041134, U01DA041148, U01DA041156, U01DA041174, U24DA041123, and U24DA041147 from the NIH and additional federal partners. A full list of ABCD Study supporters is available at https://abcdstudy.org/federal-partners/. Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Baker reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported.
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